What you need to know about testing for lead

According to the CDC, lead exposure in the environment can happen unnoticed, and can lead to lead poisoning, especially in young children. Because of this, the CDC recommends routine lead testing for children. The CDC also recommends adults be tested for lead if they have certain risk factors or symptoms.

Who should get a blood lead test?

Exposure to lead can have serious health consequences. Because of this, the CDC recommends children be tested for lead at ages 1 and 2. They also recommend that adults get tested after possible exposure, or routinely if they are at high risk for repeated exposures.

The CDC lists the following as high-risk situations that may require additional or routine testing:

• Children and adults who live in homes built before 1978, especially if the home has paint that is peeling or chipping
• Children who have a sibling or playmate with lead poisoning.
• Children who live with an adult who works with lead, such as in construction, battery manufacturing, or metalworking.
• Adults who work in jobs that involve lead exposure, such as construction, plumbing, or manufacturing.
• Adults who engage in hobbies that may involve exposure to lead, such as making stained glass or shooting firearms.
• Pregnant women.

How long does it take to get the results of a blood lead test?

The length of time it takes to get the results of a blood lead test will vary depending on the laboratory that performs the test. Generally, it typically takes a few days, and up to a week or more to get the results. Some laboratories may be able to provide results on the same day or within 24 hours if the test is urgent.

How is a blood lead test performed?

A blood test is performed by using a small needle to retrieve a blood sample from a vein in your arm or hand. At some testing locations, a provider will use a drop or two of blood from a fingerstick technique.

What are the normal blood lead levels?

Blood lead levels depend on the age and health status of the individual being tested. The CDC defines the reference level for blood lead in the United States as 3.5 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL). However, the CDC also notes that there is no safe level of lead exposure and that even low levels of lead in the blood can be harmful, particularly to young children and developing fetuses.

Finding a blood lead test

Blood lead testing usually requires the recommendation of a doctor. However, this can be done at most healthcare facilities, including:

• Walk-in clinics
• Urgent care clinics
• Primary care clinics
• Hospitals

Can I get a blood lead test at home?

You can get your home tested for lead by having a certified inspector come to look at your home. However, there are no blood lead tests available for home use. If you suspect that you or your child has been exposed to lead, it is recommended by the CDC that you seek medical evaluation.

Cost of a blood lead test

The cost of lead testing will vary depending on your location, your testing facility, and your insurance coverage. According to FindLabTest.com, the national average of iron tests in the United States is between $34 and $49.

More about lead poisoning

What are the symptoms of lead poisoning?

Lead poisoning can cause a variety of symptoms, and the severity of symptoms can depend on the level and duration of exposure to lead. Most adults with lead poisoning may not look or feel sick according to the CDC. However, some of the common symptoms of lead poisoning according to the CDC include:

• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Fatigue and weakness
• Headaches
• Irritability
• Loss of appetite
• Memory loss
• Mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety
• Muscle weakness
• Numbness or tingling in the extremities
• Sleep disturbances

In children, lead poisoning can also cause:

• Developmental delays
• Learning difficulties
• Behavioral problems

Additionally, children with high levels of lead in their blood may experience abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and seizures.

It is important to note that many of these symptoms can be caused by other medical conditions, so it is important to talk to your healthcare provider if you are experiencing any of these symptoms or if you think you may have been exposed to lead.

What is the treatment for lead poisoning?

The treatment for lead poisoning depends on the severity of the poisoning and the level of lead in the blood. The goal of treatment is always to lower the level of lead in the blood and reduce or eliminate the source of lead exposure.

For cases without severe symptoms, treatment may only involve removing the source of lead exposure, such as replacing lead pipes or removing lead paint. Additionally, your healthcare provider may recommend increased consumption of calcium, iron, and vitamin C, which can help reduce the absorption of lead into the bloodstream, according to the Mayo Clinic.

For cases of more severe lead poisoning, chelation therapy may be necessary.

Chelation therapy involves the use of medications that bind to lead in the blood and allow it to be excreted from the body, according to the University of Rochester. Chelation therapy is typically reserved for individuals with blood lead levels above 45 micrograms per deciliter or for those with symptoms of lead poisoning according to the CDC.

How can I reduce my exposure to lead?

Reducing your exposure to lead is an important step in preventing lead poisoning. Here are steps that the Mayo Clinic and CDC recommend to help reduce your exposure to lead:

• Test your home for lead: If you live in a home built before 1978, have it tested for lead-based paint. If lead is found, hire a professional to safely remove it.
• Avoid lead-based products: Avoid using lead-based products, such as some types of pottery, crystal, or pewter.
• Be cautious when remodeling: If you are planning to remodel your home, have a professional check for lead-based paint and take appropriate measures to remove it safely.
• Use personal protective equipment: If you work in an industry that may expose you to lead, such as construction or metalworking, wear personal protective equipment, such as gloves and respirators.

It is important to note that these steps can help reduce your exposure to lead, but they may not completely eliminate the risk of lead poisoning. If you are concerned about your exposure to lead, talk to your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on testing for lead and ways to reduce your exposure.